Criminal law — visual identification and identification parade — requirement of prior description; Circumstantial evidence — recent possession and recovery of stolen property; Cautioned statement — procedural irregularity not necessarily vitiating conviction; Non-arrest of third party — accused cannot benefit from his own creation.

Land law – ownership of surveyed land – offer of right of occupancy versus certificate of title; acceptance and payment conditions; Administrator General (RITA) consent not equivalent to grant by land-allocating authority; evidential weight of land rent receipts; certificate of title as conclusive proof unless unlawfully obtained; caveat and GN No.169 (BAKWATA vesting).

Administrative law – Right to be heard (audi alteram partem) – Court raising issues suo motu – Procedural fairness – "Dead law"/statutory renumbering – Supervisory jurisdiction to quash and remit for retrial.

Civil procedure — Preliminary objections — Competence of appeal — Requirement to file first at District Court and e-CMS endorsement; Matrimonial Proceedings Rules — Memorandum of appeal vs petition of appeal — Substance over form; Avoidance of procedural technicalities.

Exhumation of remains – sufficiency of affidavit and community corroboration – proof after long lapse of time – avoidance of undue technicalities – authority to exhume and rebury under village supervision

Civil procedure — Interim injunction — Requirement of a prima facie case and bona fide contest — Necessity of clear identification and coherent linkage between sale agreement and registered title — Insufficiency of inconsistent property descriptions — Balance of convenience and irreparable harm not shown.

Criminal law — visual identification — safety of identification evidence; Evidence — chain of custody — identification of suspected stolen property; Evidence — cautioned/confessional statements — requirement of independent corroboration; Doctrine of recent/constructive possession — reliance on properly identified exhibits; Proof beyond reasonable doubt.

Land law — pecuniary jurisdiction — value must be established by evidence (valuation report) — size of land alone insufficient; Civil procedure — appeal route under s.38 LDCA — overriding objective may justify hearing on merits.

Land dispute – proof of ownership – burden of proof and standard (preponderance of probabilities) – variance between pleadings and evidence – hearsay inadmissible – long occupation and customary inheritance as proof – appellate re-evaluation of credibility (Hemed Said v Mbilu).

Prevention of Terrorism Act — Conspiracy to commit terrorist acts — Weight and corroboration of cautioned/confessional statements — Admissibility and sufficiency of seizure and ballistic evidence — Hearsay and requirement for independent corroboration — Alibi notice requirement under EOCCA/Criminal Procedure Act — Unlawful possession of firearms.