High Court of Tanzania

This is the second level in the Judiciary justice delivery hierarchy. It has both appellate and original powers on civil and criminal matters. It also hears appeals from the Courts of Resident Magistrate, the District Courts, and the District Land and Housing Tribunals in exercise of their original, appellate and/or revisional jurisdiction. The High Court is divided into Zones and specialized Divisions. 

Physical address
24 Kivukoni Road, P O Box: S.L.P. 9004
857 judgments

Court registries

  • Filters
  • Judges
  • Labels
  • Outcomes
  • Topics
  • Alphabet
Sort by:
857 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
December 1991
Sale of registered family house without letters of administration and without Commissioner of Lands’ consent is void; appeal dismissed.
* Land law – Sale of registered land by family members – validity where seller is not registered personal representative – requirement for letters of administration. * Land Registration Ordinance and Land Regulations 1940 – consent of Commissioner of Lands – effect of failure to obtain consent. * Equitable remedies – availability of specific performance where transaction void – purchaser’s remedy limited to refund and compensation. * Right of occupancy – disposability subject to statutory control.
31 December 1991
An appeal is incompetent and struck out if the memorandum lacks the mandatory copy of the decree.
* Civil procedure – Order 39 r.1(1) – mandatory requirement to attach copy of decree to memorandum of appeal – non‑compliance renders appeal incompetent. * Appeal procedure – section 39(2) Security of Employment Act – compliance with procedural formalities essential for competency. * Preliminary objection – mandatory procedural defects may be sustained despite absence of prior notice.
31 December 1991
Appeal allowed and letters of administration revoked because administrator failed to file required inventory; fresh joint application ordered.
Probate and Administration — Grant of letters of administration — Appointment not invalid for undervaluation (s.86) — Revocation permitted where administrator willfully omits to exhibit inventory/accounts (s.49) — Proper administration requires fresh application where procedural requirements unmet.
30 December 1991
Appeal held time-barred: limitation runs from date the appellant was notified, not from counsel's later receipt of documents.
Civil procedure — Appeal — Computation of limitation period — Period of appeal begins to run from date the decision is notified to the appellant personally, not from counsel’s receipt of certified copies; Order 39 (requirement to accompany memorandum with judgment/decree) — compliance required and assessed from filed documents.
29 December 1991
Court granted transfer of proceedings to another registry under Rule 7(4) after finding it fair and just.
Civil procedure – Transfer of proceedings – High Court Registries Rules 1984 (G.N. 23 of 1985) rule 7(4) – Supporting affidavit and absence of objection – Transfer ordered as fair and just.
24 December 1991
A father remains statutorily liable to maintain his infant children regardless of their custody; mother may sue for maintenance.
Family law – Maintenance of children – Section 129(1) Law of Marriage Act – Father’s duty to maintain infant children irrespective of custody; Custodian need not be the plaintiff to claim maintenance; Procedural error where primary court required third party to sue.
21 December 1991
Ex parte judgment awarded for unpaid vehicle purchase balance after substituted service and proof of the sale agreement.
Contract law – Sale of goods/motor vehicle – unpaid purchase price; Civil procedure – substituted service by affixing summons; Ex parte proceedings and default judgment; Remedies – judgment for outstanding balance with interest and costs.
19 December 1991
19 December 1991
A child legitimized under customary law may inherit despite the deceased professing Islam; appeal dismissed with costs.
Inheritance – illegitimate child legitimized under customary law – effect on succession despite deceased's Muslim faith – application of customary law to estate administration – s.19(a) Administration (Small Estates) Ordinance.
16 December 1991
16 December 1991
Second appeal dismissed: evidence established respondent cleared and owns the disputed land.
Land dispute — proof of ownership by occupation and improvement — weight and totality of witness evidence — appellate review of findings of fact and credibility — second appeal without merit.
16 December 1991
A delayed inheritance claim was barred by limitation and defeated by the appellant’s proven purchase and long possession.
Land law – inheritance claims and burden of proof; limitation – late claims barred where unexplained delay exceeds statutory period for land (12 years); evidence of purchase and continuous possession supporting ownership; appellate review of factual findings.
13 December 1991
Appeal dismissing challenges to convictions for forgery, uttering and obtaining goods; sentences restructured to an effective 12-year term.
Criminal law – Forgery and uttering – printing and use of company documents in company’s name with intent to defraud – whether documents constituted forgery; Criminal law – Obtaining goods by false pretences – sufficiency of evidence; Counts and charging – single transaction supporting single counts; Sentencing – appropriateness, concurrent and consecutive terms, weight of accused’s silence.
13 December 1991
Appeal dismissed: eyewitness and medical evidence proved grievous bodily harm; three-year sentence upheld.
Criminal law – Grievous bodily harm (s.225 Penal Code) – Proof beyond reasonable doubt – Eyewitness credibility; Medical/exhibit corroboration; Defence failure to call supporting witnesses – Sentence review and appellate interference.
13 December 1991
Second appeal dismissed where respondent proved prior occupation and appellants' evidence was inadequate.
Land dispute – proof of possession and/or title by occupation and development since 1976; credibility of witnesses; insufficiency of appellants' evidence; appeal dismissed.
13 December 1991
Temporary non-use does not equal abandonment; sale by non-owner void; appeal dismissed with costs.
* Property law – ownership of water well – temporary non-use does not amount to abandonment. * Sale by non-owner – purported sale of well by third party who had no title is void. * Remedies – injunction/mandatory order to remove vegetation obstructing access to land/well. * Costs – trial witness travel and expenses relevant to assessment; appellate court will not disturb reasonable costs award.
13 December 1991
13 December 1991
13 December 1991
An appeal filed out of time without an extension is incompetent and will be dismissed; District Court acquittal upheld.
Criminal appeal — timeliness of appeal under section 25(1) Magistrates' Courts Act — requirement to file within 30 days or obtain extension — failure to apply for extension — court declines to extend time sua sponte; appellate procedure; acquittal on appeal upheld.
12 December 1991
Application to compel filing of grounds of appeal struck out as unnecessary and beyond this court's jurisdiction.
Civil procedure – Application to compel filing of grounds of appeal – Jurisdiction – Appeal originating in primary court – Competency and necessity of relief – Striking out unnecessary or incompetent applications.
12 December 1991
Appellate court quashed convictions where misdirected burden on alibi and witness inconsistencies rendered the prosecution case unsafe.
Criminal law – alibi – accused does not bear burden to prove alibi; alibi need only raise reasonable doubt – credibility of witnesses – inconsistent earlier statements and testimony in related case may render convictions unsafe – appellate intervention to quash convictions and set aside sentences where prosecution case is unreliable.
12 December 1991
12 December 1991
11 December 1991
Where a matrimonial home was sold without the wife’s consent, nullification was inappropriate; monetary compensation for her share was ordered instead, and appeal dismissed.
Family/matrimonial property – sale of matrimonial home by one spouse without consent – necessity to join purchaser before nullification – relief by way of monetary compensation where nullification would prejudice third‑party rights or be impractical; procedural requirement to frame central issues at trial.
6 December 1991
6 December 1991
Acquittal where prosecution failed to prove magistrate solicited or received a Shs.22,000/= bribe beyond reasonable doubt.
Corruption — Alleged solicitation and receipt of bribe by a magistrate — Reliability and corroboration of trap operations — Conflicting witness testimony and contested forensic evidence (anthracene powder) — Failure to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt.
6 December 1991
District Court erred in refusing retrial; prior judgments did not bar litigating ownership of land.
Land law – trial nullity where assessors changed and replacement assessors did not hear witnesses – retrial – res judicata – prior judgments addressing compensation do not decide ownership – allocation under Operation Vijiji may create new title – non-parties to earlier proceedings not bound.
6 December 1991
6 December 1991
6 December 1991
Second appeal in land ownership dispute dismissed; evidence upheld respondent’s title and appeal was ordered dismissed with costs.
Land dispute – ownership of cultivated plot – additional evidence ordered by appellate court – evidence upheld respondent’s ownership – second appeal dismissed with costs – further appeal subject to leave and certification.
5 December 1991
5 December 1991
4 December 1991
Appellate magistrate misdirected in overturning convictions and improperly castigating trial magistrate without hearing.
* Criminal law – malicious damage to property – sufficiency of charge sheet – particulars of value and crop; * Pleas of guilty – effect of unequivocal pleas and conviction on plea; * Appellate review – misdirection and overreach by appellate magistrate; * Administrative discipline – improper judicial condemnation and ordering of refunds without hearing; * Use of administrative titles in judicial proceedings.
4 December 1991
The appellant lawfully resisted an unlawful seizure; reasonable cause to report assault defeats the respondents' malicious prosecution claim.
Local/ward development law – seizure of property – statutory procedure under Ward Development/Area Committees Act No.6 of 1969 – non-compliance invalidates seizure; Civil tort – malicious prosecution – reasonable and probable cause to report assault where seizure was unlawful; Evidence – admissibility of appellate criminal judgment in civil proceedings (held immaterial to outcome).
4 December 1991
4 December 1991
A later suit claiming land already finally decided in civil case no. 52 of 1977 was barred by res judicata; execution, not a new suit, was the remedy.
Res judicata – final judgment – parties cannot relitigate same claim; proper remedy is execution of an existing judgment, not filing a new suit.
3 December 1991
Identification of a recovered pressure lamp and surrounding circumstances firmly established possession of stolen property; appeal dismissed.
* Criminal law – Identification of property – Complainant identification of a pressure lamp linked to repair workshop sufficient to connect lamp to theft. * Criminal law – Possession of stolen property – Items recovered in appellant’s house held to be stolen where identification and circumstances are cogent. * Appeal – Insufficiency of appellant’s explanations to raise reasonable doubt; appeal dismissed.
3 December 1991
Reported
Specific performance granted where heir’s declaration and equitable principles rendered the land sale enforceable despite regulatory concerns.
• Contract law – sale of land – existence and enforceability of executory sale agreement; • Land law – disposition of right of occupancy and requirement of Commissioner’s approval under Land Regulations; • Equity – Declaration of Intent by heir binds and may render an otherwise problematic land disposition enforceable; • Remedy – specific performance granted where equity requires completion.
3 December 1991
Prosecution failed to prove non-deposit of collected public funds; convictions quashed for lack of proof beyond reasonable doubt.
Criminal law – False accounting and theft by public servant – Proof of deposit into bank account – Necessity of primary bank records (bank statements) to establish non-deposit – Weight of evidence: teller signatures and rubber stamps insufficient alone – Trial court’s duty to consider exculpatory documentary evidence.
2 December 1991
Reported
Court restored divorce for cruelty, holding ordinary conciliatory boards valid and section 101(f) permits dispensing with referral.
* Family law – Divorce – Validity of conciliatory board proceedings for Muslim marriages – effect of section 104(7) preserving proceedings despite lack of strict statutory jurisdiction. * Family law – Procedure – Dispensing with referral to Marriage Conciliatory Board under section 101(f) where referral is impracticable. * Family law – Grounds – Cruelty as ground for dissolution where allegations of repeated assault, threats and confinement are proved. * Islamic family law – Section 107(3) remedies (khul, mubarat, talak) should be advised to Muslim spouses as alternative routes to divorce.
2 December 1991
Trial court rightly dissolved marriage for cruelty; referral to conciliatory board was impracticable, appeal allowed.
Family law – Divorce – Moslem spouses – validity of conciliatory board proceedings (s.104(7) Law of Marriage Act) – referral impracticable (s.101(f)) – alternative divorce routes for Moslems (s.107(3)).
2 December 1991
November 1991
30 November 1991
Circumstantial facts (partial undress and abandoned belongings) can sufficiently corroborate and establish adultery; appeal dismissed.
Adultery — proof by circumstances — corroboration under Declaration of Customary Law — aggregation of incidents (found partially undressed, abandoned clothing and belongings, flight) can establish adultery where direct evidence is lacking; appellate review of credibility and sufficiency of circumstantial evidence.
29 November 1991
Seizures were unlawful where police failed mandatory s.38 formalities and seized property not shown to be connected to offences.
Criminal Procedure Act – search and seizure – mandatory compliance with s.38(2) and (3) (reporting to magistrate; receipt for seizure) – failure renders seizure irregular and of no legal effect; seizure limited to property connected with offence (s.39); court’s power to order release under s.357.
29 November 1991
29 November 1991
29 November 1991
The District Court lacked jurisdiction over a summary dismissal labour dispute; proceedings were a nullity and set aside.
* Labour law – jurisdiction – exclusive jurisdiction of Industrial Relations Board/Industrial Court over dismissal disputes – proceedings in ordinary court a nullity when industrial forum has exclusive jurisdiction.
29 November 1991
Buyer who paid for a house after inspection cannot rescind sale or claim refund for defects discovered post-purchase.
Contract law — sale of immovable property — buyer’s duty to inspect premises — caveat emptor; rescission — completed contract upon payment; extrajudicial intervention — village chairman’s direction cannot substitute for judicial relief.
29 November 1991
29 November 1991
An objector may challenge an attachment based on untaxed costs; attaching party must prove the property belongs to the judgment-debtor.
* Civil procedure – Attachment – Validity of attachment where underlying costs not taxed by proper taxing officer – Attachment warrant issued to enforce untaxed costs unlawful. * Civil procedure – Ownership – Burden on attaching party to prove property attached belongs to judgment-debtor on balance of probabilities. * Locus – An objector to attachment may challenge procedural irregularities in enforcement, including untaxed costs.
29 November 1991