High Court of Tanzania

This is the second level in the Judiciary justice delivery hierarchy. It has both appellate and original powers on civil and criminal matters. It also hears appeals from the Courts of Resident Magistrate, the District Courts, and the District Land and Housing Tribunals in exercise of their original, appellate and/or revisional jurisdiction. The High Court is divided into Zones and specialized Divisions. 

Physical address
24 Kivukoni Road, P O Box: S.L.P. 9004
57 judgments

Court registries

  • Filters
  • Judges
  • Alphabet
Sort by:
57 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
August 2022
Appellant proved ownership by allocation and continuous possession; trial tribunal erred in evaluating evidence, appeal allowed.
Land law – burden of proof and evaluation of evidence – continuous possession and allocation – non-joinder of seller not fatal where seller testified.
31 August 2022
Failure to tender letters of administration rendered the administrator's suit incompetent; annexures to pleadings are not evidence.
Civil procedure - capacity to sue - administrator of estate - letters of administration must be pleaded and proved; annexures to pleadings are not evidence. Evidence - annexures v. evidence - originals/tendering in court required under Evidence Act. Locus standi - failure to prove representative capacity renders proceedings incompetent and liable to be quashed.
31 August 2022
31 August 2022
31 August 2022
30 August 2022
30 August 2022
30 August 2022
Nine-year delay was inordinate; unproven employer promises and vague remoteness claims did not justify condonation.
Labour law — condonation/extension of time — sufficiency of reasons required under Rule 11(3) — inordinate nine-year delay. Limitation and jurisdiction — failure to account for each day of delay is fatal to an application for enlargement of time. Promissory negotiations/settlement — uncorroborated promises by employer do not constitute sufficient cause for delay. Nature/remoteness of work — must be specifically described and evidenced to justify lateness; general allegations insufficient.
30 August 2022
30 August 2022
29 August 2022
27 August 2022
26 August 2022
A land ownership claim was struck out because statutory notice named a different entity and the amended plaint was procedurally defective.
Land law – nature of claim: declaration of ownership v. tortious trespass/compensation; limitation implications. Statutory notice – mandatory requirement under s.106(1),(2) Local Government (Urban Authorities) Act; identity of the entity named in notice must match party impleaded. Civil procedure – compliance with Order VI Rule 14; pleadings must disclose cause of action. Procedural defects going to the root may render a suit incompetent and lead to striking out with costs.
26 August 2022
Applicant granted extension of time to appeal after demonstrating diligence and registry/JSDS-related delay.
Procedure – Extension of time – Application under s.41(2) Land Disputes Courts Act – requirement to show sufficient cause – court considers length of delay, diligence and prejudice. Civil procedure – Registry delay and electronic filing (JSDS) issues may constitute sufficient cause. Precedent – Lyamuya test applied to assess diligence and inordinate delay.
26 August 2022
Leave to appeal granted where drawn-order delay and significant labour dispute raise prima facie arguable issues.
Appellate jurisdiction – leave to appeal under s.5(1)(c) AJA – leave not automatic; granted where appeal raises prima facie/arguable issues or matters of general importance. Civil procedure – extension of time – failure to attach drawn order and alleged registry delay as sufficient cause. Labour law – long-standing dispute remitted for merits may warrant appellate scrutiny.
26 August 2022
Court quashed order returning exhibit vehicle to respondent and ordered it remain in immigration custody pending finalization.
Criminal procedure — Custody of exhibits — Returning exhibits to accused while trial pending — Exhibits Management Guidelines 2020 — Risk of tampering, loss and effect on forfeiture under s.351 Criminal Procedure Act — Seizing agency custody pending finalization.
26 August 2022
Appellant failed to prove competing land ownership; earlier allocations and credible respondent evidence justified dismissal of the appeal.
Land law – competing village allocations – priority of earlier allocation; proof on balance of probabilities; weight of evidence in civil land disputes; certificate of occupancy and anomalies; failure to call material witnesses and adverse inference.
24 August 2022
24 August 2022
24 August 2022
A defendant must comply with Order 1 rules when impleading a third party; failure justifies striking the amended pleadings.
Civil procedure – Third‑party notice – Leave granted but not complied with – Order 1 rules 15 and 17 (Civil Procedure Code) – Improper impleading of third party in amended pleadings – striking out pleadings – third party procedure based on contribution/indemnity.
24 August 2022
24 August 2022
22 August 2022
22 August 2022
Prisoner’s lack of control over administrative correspondence can justify an extension of time to lodge an appeal.
Criminal procedure – extension of time to lodge appeal – delay excused where imprisonment prevented control of administrative correspondence; ends-of-justice principle applied.
22 August 2022
22 August 2022
Alleged illegality must be apparent and important to justify extension of time; application dismissed for undue delay.
Land appeals — Extension of time — Alleged illegality as sufficient reason — Illegality must be apparent on the face of the record and of sufficient importance — Need to account for delay depends on circumstances — Affidavit reliance on perusal of party’s case file acceptable when file is party’s possession.
19 August 2022
18 August 2022
18 August 2022
Conviction quashed for insufficient evidence and sentence set aside as unlawful given appellant's age at the time of the offence.
Criminal law – sexual offences – sufficiency of evidence where victim is sole direct witness; admissibility and reading of documentary exhibits; hearsay and failure to call a material witness – adverse inference; obligation to consider defence evidence; sentencing of juvenile/offender aged eighteen – limits under section 131(2) Penal Code.
18 August 2022
18 August 2022
18 August 2022
18 August 2022
17 August 2022
Inordinate delay and non-apparent alleged illegalities do not justify extension of time to appeal.
Land law – extension of time – section 38(1) Land Disputes Courts Act; illegality as sufficient cause for extension – must be apparent on the face of the record; clerical errors vs jurisdictional defects; inordinate delay defeats extension.
17 August 2022
17 August 2022
Convictions quashed where time element and positive identification were lacking and cautioned statements were improperly admitted.
Criminal procedure – adequacy of trial judgment (s312 CPA); non‑compliance with s210(3) CPA – curable under s388; defective particulars/time element in house‑breaking charge; doctrine of recent possession – requirements and positive identification; admissibility and tendering of cautioned statements; conviction quashed for failure to prove charges beyond reasonable doubt.
16 August 2022
Hearing in absence was lawful; victim testimony and medical evidence sufficed to uphold conviction for sodomy.
Criminal procedure – s.226(1) & (2) CPA – hearing in absence after breach of bail; compliance with High Court remand order. Evidence – sexual offences – victim’s testimony may suffice; corroboration by medical examination (loose anal sphincter). Evidence – relatives as witnesses – admissible; lack of local leader corroboration not fatal. Trial fairness – evaluation of defence evidence; identification issues where prosecution was heard ex parte.
16 August 2022
16 August 2022
15 August 2022
Delay in supply of ruling and drawn order justified grant of extension of time to file a revision; no order as to costs.
Extension of time – discretionary relief – delay in supply of ruling and drawn order constitutes sufficient cause; Law of Limitation Act s14; Civil Procedure Code s95; application of Lyamuya test.
15 August 2022
15 August 2022
15 August 2022
15 August 2022
Delay in disbursement did not breach the loan contract; the respondent must pay contractual sum and security may be realized.
Contract law – sanctity of contract; loan agreements – disbursement delay and deduction of fees do not necessarily constitute breach; evidence – failure to cross-examine admissions on key points; remedies – court may set aside injunction preventing realization of mortgage security; clarity of orders – necessity to specify when interest and repayment periods commence.
15 August 2022
Assessors’ opinions need not be recorded; procedural omissions are curable and a pre-marital house improved in marriage is matrimonial property.
Magistrates' Courts — Assessors — No requirement to give or have opinions recorded; consultative role. Civil procedure (Primary Courts) — Rule 46(3) — Reading recorded evidence to witnesses; omission is irregularity curable absent demonstrated prejudice (s.37(2)). Matrimonial property — Law of Marriage Act s.114(3) — Pre-marital assets substantially improved during marriage become divisible. Child custody — Welfare paramount; children’s wishes not determinative; variation available on changed circumstances.
11 August 2022
Alleged illegality on the record can justify extension of time to appeal from a primary court; waiting for judgment copy is not.
Civil procedure — extension of time to appeal — section 25(1)(b) Magistrates' Courts Act and G.N. No. 312 of 1964 govern appeals from primary courts; no statutory requirement to attach lower court judgment to petition of appeal. Extension of time — sufficiency of cause — illegality of impugned decision can constitute sufficient cause to extend time where supported by the record. Illegality — must be demonstrated and, if apparent on the face of the record, the Court should consider it even if extension is required. Authorities: Principal Secretary, Ministry of Defence v Valambhia; Tanzania Harbours Authority v Mohamed R. Mohamed.
11 August 2022
11 August 2022
10 August 2022
10 August 2022
Tribunal improperly dismissed land suit for one-day absence; High Court quashed dismissal and restored the case for merits.
Land law – procedure – dismissal for want of prosecution – Regulation 15 GN No.174/2003 requires three months’ non-attendance before dismissal; one-day absence insufficient – revisional jurisdiction under s.43 Land Disputes Courts Act to quash and restore for merit hearing.
9 August 2022