High Court of Tanzania

This is the second level in the Judiciary justice delivery hierarchy. It has both appellate and original powers on civil and criminal matters. It also hears appeals from the Courts of Resident Magistrate, the District Courts, and the District Land and Housing Tribunals in exercise of their original, appellate and/or revisional jurisdiction. The High Court is divided into Zones and specialized Divisions. 

Physical address
24 Kivukoni Road, P O Box: S.L.P. 9004
496 judgments

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496 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
March 2023
7 March 2023
Prisoner transfers and prison officers' inaction can constitute good cause for extension of time to appeal.
Criminal procedure – extension of time under s.361(2) CPA – "good cause" – prisoner transfers and prison authorities' inaction as sufficient cause – uncontested affidavit taken as admitted.
7 March 2023
A credible victim's testimony can sustain the appellant's rape conviction without DNA or a police caution statement.
Criminal law – Rape – Victim's uncorroborated testimony – sufficient if credible; Pregnancy and age proof; DNA evidence optional; Medical evidence/PF3 admissible; Competency of medical witness; Caution statement not essential.
6 March 2023
Power of attorney limited to a mining licence did not confer locus standi to sue over land, rendering tribunal proceedings null and void.
Land law – Locus standi – Power of attorney – scope and effect of instrument – must be pleaded and reflected in title – proceedings instituted by person lacking authority are a nullity; Order III r.2(a) Civil Procedure Code; agency and limits of power of attorney.
6 March 2023
Affidavit containing hearsay, conclusions and prayers breached Order XIX Rule 3 and led to striking out the applicant's leave application.
Judicial review — leave to apply — supporting affidavit must comply with Order XIX Rule 3 CPC; Affidavit content — confined to facts within deponent's knowledge; no hearsay, conclusions, opinions or prayers; Remedy — expunge offending paragraphs if inconsequential; if substantive parts are defective application may be struck out; Authorities: Uganda v. Commissioner of Prisons (Ex parte Matovu); Jacquiline Ntuyabaliwe Mengi; Phantom Modern Transport; Ignazzio Messina
3 March 2023
2 March 2023
2 March 2023
February 2023
28 February 2023
Failure to record a child’s promise to tell the truth warranted expungement of her evidence and quashing of the rape conviction.
Evidence Act s.127(2) – child of tender age must personally promise to tell the truth; mandatory recording of the child’s words – failure requires expungement of testimony; contradictions in dates and inconsistent medical evidence undermine prosecution; unexplained delay in reporting affects reliability.
28 February 2023
28 February 2023
28 February 2023
27 February 2023
Prisoner’s transfer and administrative delays constituted good cause to extend time to file notice of appeal and appeal.
Criminal Procedure – extension of time to lodge notice of intention to appeal and petition of appeal – s.361 CPA – "good cause" and discretion – prisoner transfer and administrative delay as valid grounds.
27 February 2023
Prison transfers and prison officers’ failures amounted to sufficient cause to extend time for filing an appeal; applicant showed diligence.
Criminal procedure – extension of time to file notice of intention to appeal and appeal out of time – s.361 Criminal Procedure Act and s.14 Law of Limitation Act – good cause requires fact-specific inquiry; reasons beyond applicant’s control (prison transfers, failure of prison officers to transmit documents) and applicant’s diligence can justify extension.
27 February 2023
24 February 2023
24 February 2023
Conviction quashed where prosecution failed to link exhibits to appellant and prove chain of custody beyond reasonable doubt.
Criminal law – unlawful possession of firearm and ammunition – burden of proof beyond reasonable doubt; Evidence – admissibility of seizure certificate tendered without objection; Expert evidence – identification of locally made firearms not always requiring expert report when not contested; Evidence – chain of custody/paper trail for physical exhibits; Witnesses – adverse inference where prosecution omits available material witness (motorcyclist) without explanation.
24 February 2023
23 February 2023
23 February 2023
22 February 2023
22 February 2023
Court granted extension to file notice of appeal, finding prison filing problems and a defective jurat constituted good cause.
Criminal procedure – extension of time – notice of intention to appeal – whether delay amounted to good cause under s.361(2) CPA. Limitation law – s.14(1) Law of Limitation Act – court’s discretion to extend time for reasonable or sufficient cause. Procedural irregularity – defective jurat on affidavit and prison filing delays as grounds for extension
Diligence – applicant’s promptness and attempts to pursue appeal considered
21 February 2023
21 February 2023
20 February 2023
Extension granted where prisoner's reliance on prison officers and transfer caused failure to file notice of appeal.
Criminal procedure – extension of time to file notice of intention to appeal and appeal out of time – s.361(2) Criminal Procedure Act
Limitation – extension of time – s.14(1) Law of Limitation Act; sufficient/good cause. Reliance on prison officers and transfer between prisons – omission beyond applicant's control; diligence of lay prisoner
20 February 2023
20 February 2023
Court granted extension to file notice and petition of appeal, holding applicants showed sufficient cause and diligence.
Criminal procedure – extension of time to file notice of intention to appeal and petition of appeal – s.361 Criminal Procedure Act and s.14(1) Law of Limitation Act – 'good' or 'sufficient' cause – factors: promptness, diligence, reasons beyond applicant's control; language barrier and procedural error as grounds.
20 February 2023
20 February 2023
Non-joinder of village council as necessary party vitiated land-tribunal judgment; appeal allowed and proceedings set aside.
Civil procedure – Non-joinder of necessary party; Order 1 r.10(2) CPC – court’s duty to add necessary parties; Land law – Certificate of Occupancy and need to trace allocation/survey/registration; Evidence – insufficiency of individual village leader testimony to replace institutional village council account.
17 February 2023
Applicant's unproven procedural error and ignorance did not justify extension of time; application dismissed with costs.
Civil procedure – extension of time – applicant must demonstrate sufficient cause and account for each day of delay – guiding factors include length of delay, reasons, prejudice and prospects of success. Procedural law – certificate of delay – failure to obtain or attach certificate is not excusable by ignorance
Evidence – submissions are not evidence; material facts must be pleaded in affidavit
17 February 2023
Appellant failed to prove land ownership; documentary evidence established respondent’s chain of title; appeal dismissed with costs.
Land law – ownership dispute; burden of proof – 'he who alleges must prove' – onus on claimant; admissibility and weight of sale agreements and family minutes; misjoinder/non‑joinder not fatal; occupancy by invitee/licensee does not confer title; appellate review of factual findings and credibility.
17 February 2023
Appellant failed to prove ownership; adverse possession cannot be used offensively; appeal dismissed with costs.
Land law – burden of proof in ownership claims; adverse possession as shield not sword; assessors’ opinion persuasive but not binding; minor witness contradictions not fatal.
17 February 2023
15 February 2023
15 February 2023
14 February 2023
Court held CMA had jurisdiction and respondent entitled to acting allowance despite no formal policy; revision dismissed.
Labour law – jurisdiction and limitation – cause of action arises on formal refusal to pay, not on earlier promise; sixty-day rule considered
Employment – acting appointment – performance of substantive duties can amount to acting appointment despite absence of formal promotion
Remuneration – acting allowance – entitlement may arise from established practice even without formal written policy; computation by salary net-difference upheld. Civil procedure – revision – appellate interference unwarranted where Arbitrator’s findings are supported by evidence
14 February 2023
14 February 2023
14 February 2023
14 February 2023
Extension of time to appeal refused for failure to prove court-caused delay or sufficient reason.
Limitation of actions – extension of time – sufficient cause required – burden of proof to show court-caused delay – exclusion of time under section 19(2) – need for corroborative evidence (affidavit/record) and accounting for days of delay.
10 February 2023
Court granted leave to seek judicial review of alleged ministerial deregistration and eviction, finding a prima facie case and sufficient interest.
Judicial review – leave to apply – requirements: promptness (within six months), arguable/prima facie case, sufficient interest.* Administrative action – broadcast versus formal decision – whether a public statement can be subject to judicial review to be determined in main application.* Procedural fairness – right to be heard and alleged infringement of property rights where deregistration and eviction are announced.* Interim relief – status quo applications and effect of existing administrative directions.
10 February 2023
9 February 2023
Financial hardship absent exceptional explanation and accounting for delay cannot justify extending time to file a bill of costs.
Limitation — extension of time — good cause required — Lyamuya criteria (account for delay, diligence, point of law) — financial hardship generally not sufficient unless exceptional — failure to account for each day of delay — inordinate delay (approx. ten months) — application dismissed with costs.
7 February 2023
Application to lift ex parte attachment improperly moved and supported by defective affidavit; preliminary objection upheld and application struck out with costs.
Civil procedure – attachment before judgment – lifting of ex parte garnishee/attachment order – proper procedure under Order XXXVI Rule 10 (not Rule 9) – overlapping applications and abuse of court process. Preliminary objection – competence of application – curability of wrong citation vs incurable procedural defect. Affidavit practice – inadmissible contents (hearsay, arguments, opinions) – expunction of offending paragraphs
7 February 2023
January 2023
31 January 2023
30 January 2023