High Court of Tanzania

This is the second level in the Judiciary justice delivery hierarchy. It has both appellate and original powers on civil and criminal matters. It also hears appeals from the Courts of Resident Magistrate, the District Courts, and the District Land and Housing Tribunals in exercise of their original, appellate and/or revisional jurisdiction. The High Court is divided into Zones and specialized Divisions. 

Physical address
24 Kivukoni Road, P O Box: S.L.P. 9004
896 judgments

Court registries

  • Filters
  • Judges
  • Labels
  • Outcomes
  • Topics
  • Alphabet
Sort by:
896 judgments
Citation
Judgment date
February 2024
7 February 2024
January 2024
31 January 2024
31 January 2024
30 January 2024
29 January 2024
22 January 2024
19 January 2024
December 2023
22 December 2023
18 December 2023
13 December 2023
12 December 2023
12 December 2023
Annexures are not evidence; appellant failed to prove ownership, withdrawal, or delivery of the alleged entrusted funds.
Civil procedure – annexures to pleadings are not evidence; documents must be tendered and admitted as exhibits before reliance. Evidence – burden of proof in civil cases (s.110, s.112 Evidence Act) requires proof of ownership, deposit, withdrawal and delivery of funds. Trusts – establishing a trust requires proof of ownership and transfer; mere assertion without documentary support is insufficient. Credibility – assessment of witnesses must be based on evidence, not mere matrimonial relations.
11 December 2023
6 December 2023
6 December 2023
1 December 2023
November 2023
30 November 2023
29 November 2023
Application to restore withdrawn appeal dismissed for failure to show sufficient reasons under section 371(3) CPA.
Criminal procedure — restoration of withdrawn appeal under s.371(3) CPA; discretion and "sufficient reasons"; presumption that advocate acts on client's instructions; appellant's presence and silence; delay in seeking restoration.
28 November 2023
Assessors may ask clarifying questions; appellant failed to prove title due to material contradictions, so appeal dismissed.
Land law – proof of title – burden to establish how, when and from whom land was acquired; Evidence – assessors may ask clarificatory questions but must not cross‑examine; Credibility – contradictions between pleadings and testimony justify adverse findings; Costs – each party to bear own costs.
28 November 2023
Identification, coached inconsistent statements, and medical evidence sufficed to uphold the rape conviction and life sentence.
Criminal law – Rape – Identification at night by victim who knew accused; coached statements and credibility; medical evidence proving penetration; proof of victim’s age; conviction upheld.
27 November 2023
27 November 2023
Appeal dismissed; conviction for unlawful possession of government trophies upheld due to reliable identification and record.
Criminal law – unlawful possession of government trophies; evidence – identification and tendering of exhibits; appellate procedure – first appeal as rehearing; admissibility objections not raised at trial; court record presumptions; procedural complaints raised for first time on appeal are not entertained.
24 November 2023
23 November 2023
Conviction quashed where prosecution failed to prove the victim’s age beyond reasonable doubt.
Criminal law – statutory sexual offences – proof of victim’s age; contradictions in victim’s evidence; necessity of documentary/medical/adult corroboration; conviction unsafe where age not proved beyond reasonable doubt; retrial undesirable.
23 November 2023
22 November 2023
The applicant’s claim to recover land was dismissed as time‑barred; proceedings in the wrong forum did not toll limitation.
Limitation of actions – recovery of land – item 22, Part I, Schedule to Law of Limitation Act (Cap 89 R.E.2002) – 12‑year period – accrual of right to sue – effect of imprisonment and wrong‑forum proceedings – section 21 exceptions must be pleaded to suspend/toll limitation – remedy for time‑barred action is dismissal (section 3).
22 November 2023
22 November 2023
21 November 2023
21 November 2023
Unproven claims of injury, transfer and sickness did not constitute good cause for extension of time to appeal.
Criminal procedure – extension of time to appeal under section 361(2) CPA – application must show good cause under Lyamuya criteria. Applicant must account for each day of the delay; unexplained delay indicates negligence. Allegations of sickness, prison transfer or injury require supporting evidence (medical chit or prison officer affidavit). Being a layperson or in custody is not a conclusive excuse for delay.
17 November 2023
8 November 2023
Minor peripheral discrepancies in witnesses' recollection do not defeat an established land ownership and trespass claim.
Land law - ownership and trespass; credibility of witnesses - minor discrepancies versus material contradictions; pleadings versus evidence - variance that does not alter cause of action; appellate review of Tribunal's rejection of evidence.
6 November 2023
High Court dismissed review for lack of jurisdiction after a notice of appeal, procedural defects, and forum shopping.
Labour law — Review procedure — Jurisdiction after notice of appeal to Court of Appeal; Labour Court Rules — Requirement to file notice of review (Rule 27(1)); Limitation — 60-day period where none specified (Law of Limitation Act Part III Item 21); Abuse of process — Forum shopping and uncertainty as to subject of review.
2 November 2023
2 November 2023
Application dismissed: Regional Commissioner was implementing central government directives, so certiorari/mandamus against him was inappropriate.
Administrative law — prerogative remedies — certiorari and mandamus not appropriate against public officer acting as agent of the State; Regional Commissioner — implementation and supervision powers under Art.61(4) Constitution and Regional Administration Act; Agricultural marketing — central "Mwongozo" and Warehouse Receipt System (Stakabadhi za Ghala) — regional implementation; Procedural remedy — challenges to central directives should be brought against the government under appropriate statutory procedures.
1 November 2023
Court ordered joinder of the deceased defendant's administrator under Order XXII r.4(1) CPC to continue the pending land suit.
Civil procedure – substitution/joinder of parties – Order XXII r.4(1) CPC – death of defendant – survival of right to defend – letters of administration – joinder of administrator to continue suit.
1 November 2023
October 2023
31 October 2023
25 October 2023
Government land-trespass suit held not time-barred; plaint discloses cause of action; preliminary objection dismissed.
Limitation of actions — suits by or on behalf of the Government — item 23 (60 years) of the Law of Limitation Act; Civil procedure — Order VII, Rule 5 — plaint must disclose cause of action by showing defendant's interest; Time computation — public holidays excluded under Interpretation of Laws Act; Preliminary objection — timeliness and merits.
25 October 2023
Court granted extension of time where prison officers' failure to file documents caused a short delay beyond applicant's control.
Criminal procedure – extension of time – under s.361(2) Criminal Procedure Act – exercise of judicial discretion requiring sufficient/genuine cause. Delay caused by prison officers while applicant in custody can be a factor beyond applicant's control and constitute sufficient cause. Sufficient cause assessed on circumstances of each case; absence of negligence supports grant of extension (cases: TANROADS v Ruaha Concrete; Lyamuya Construction).
20 October 2023
Village assembly consent negated trespass; improperly admitted exhibit expunged; compensation claim unpleaded.
Property law – trespass to land – need to prove ownership and unjustified interference; consent by village assembly or landowner negates trespass; Civil Procedure – admissibility of documentary evidence – Order VII/XIII requirements and need for leave/good cause; locus in quo – visit must be recorded to matter on appeal; Pleadings – relief or cause not pleaded cannot be raised on appeal.
20 October 2023
Applicant’s sickness constituted good cause to grant ten-day extension to file appellate papers under section 361(2).
Criminal procedure – extension of time – section 361(2) Criminal Procedure Act – requirements for good cause. Sickness/illness as valid ground for extension of time. Factors: length of delay, reasons for delay, prejudice to respondent, prospects/point of law (Lyamuya principles).
20 October 2023
20 October 2023
Victim and medical evidence proved incest beyond reasonable doubt; appeal dismissed and conviction upheld.
Criminal law – Sexual offences – Incest by male (s.158(1)(a) Penal Code) – Victim's evidence and medical corroboration – Standard of proof beyond reasonable doubt; Defence of medical incapacity properly assessed and rejected as unproven.
19 October 2023
Failure to visit locus in quo amid conflicting land descriptions warranted quashing and remittal for retrial.
Land law – ownership dispute – conflicting descriptions of size and boundaries; necessity of locus in quo visit where factual contradictions arise; admissibility and weight of evidence where sale document is alleged lost; appellate power to order additional evidence and remit for retrial.
17 October 2023
Appellant failed to prove ownership; tribunal wrongly declared respondent owner without pleading — ownership finding quashed.
Land law — Tort of trespass — Burden and standard of proof in civil claims; sufficiency and consistency of documentary proof (letter of offer and payment); adverse inference for failure to call key witness (municipal authority); limits of tribunal powers — cannot declare ownership absent pleading/counterclaim; locus standi applies to plaintiff who brings suit.
4 October 2023
September 2023
A court must invite parties to address any suo motu issue; failure to do so makes the decision a nullity.
Constitutional right to fair hearing – Article 13(6)(a); court raised issues suo motu – requirement to place issue on record and recall parties to address it; failure to afford hearing renders decision a nullity; exercise of revisionary powers and remittal for rehearing.
29 September 2023
29 September 2023
Appellate court found a jointly built house matrimonial despite pre-marriage land and ordered a 40%/60% division.
Family law – Division of matrimonial property – s.114 Law of Marriage Act – jurisdiction to order sale or division after divorce; Matrimonial assets – Improvements on pre-marriage land – jointly built house can be matrimonial where spouses contributed; Contributions – extent of monetary/property/work contributions govern unequal shares; Remedy – variation of lower courts’ division, apportionment of market value and sale of plot for equal distribution.
29 September 2023