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First accused convicted for unlawful possession of elephant tusks; second acquitted; tusks forfeited; 20-year sentence.
* Wildlife offences – unlawful possession of government trophy – identification and valuation of elephant tusks – evidential value of expert identification and valuation certificate.
* Possession – actual versus constructive possession – signing of certificate of seizure as acknowledgement of possession.
* Chain of custody – exhibits not easily tampered with (elephant tusks) – oral testimony sufficient to establish continuity.
* Procedural defence requirements – alibi particulars under section 42 EOCCA; shifted burden to prove lawful possession under section 100(3)(a) of the Wildlife Conservation Act.
* Acquittal where no evidence links accused to alleged exhibit transfer or control.
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