Caselaw

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An arbitral award may be challenged independently; filing differs from recognition and time runs from the award date.
* Arbitration — filing vs recognition: 'filing' (transmission to Court Registry) is distinct from 'recognition/registration' (judicial confirmation of enforceability). * Limitation — time to challenge: 28 days for lack of substantive jurisdiction or appeal by case stated (s.77(3)); 60 days for serious irregularity (Item 21, Part III, Second Schedule, Law of Limitation). * Procedure — a party may challenge an award independently without awaiting the other party's enforcement petition; challenges should be by separate petition or cross‑petition, not merely by answer to recognition petition. * Effect of recognition — a recognized award becomes a court decree and cannot later be set aside by the same court through fresh annulment proceedings.
Judgment 21 February 2025
Document 2 November 2024
Document 4 September 2019

Independence and separability of the arbitration agreement - Whether having several defendants is a bar for any one of them to pray for an order of stay of proceedings in court if there is an agreement and an arbitration clause. - The court’s duty to consider the rights of the parties in terms of multiplicity of proceedings and costs when ordering stay of proceedings pending arbitration

Judgment 12 April 2019
Reported

Nature of arbitration

Judgment 30 June 2017
Judgment 28 September 2016
Lack of arbitrator jurisdiction can amount to misconduct under s.16, but proving it requires a full hearing, not a preliminary objection.
* Arbitration – Jurisdiction – Whether arbitrator’s lack of jurisdiction amounts to misconduct or improper procurement under s.16 of the Arbitration Act; * Preliminary objection – When jurisdictional challenges require substantive hearing rather than disposal at preliminary stage; * Arbitration awards – Effect of adoption/registration as court decree and whether such awards remain open to setting aside.
Judgment 18 March 2016
A registrar must file a presented arbitral award; courts cannot entertain limitation objections before registration.
* Arbitration law – filing and registration of arbitral awards – meaning of 'cause the award to be filed' – arbitrator may authorise another person to file award. * Registrar’s duty – mandatory filing/registration on presentation – no power to refuse, delay or adjudicate objections before filing. * Jurisdiction – High Court acquires jurisdiction over an award only after filing/registration; preliminary objections (e.g., time-bar) premature.
Judgment 4 December 2015
Document 20 December 2012
High Court lacks jurisdiction to grant stay of execution after a Notice of Appeal to the Court of Appeal is filed.
Arbitration award enforcement; stay of execution pending appeal; Court of Appeal Rules 2009 (rule 11(2), clause (c), rule 3); High Court jurisdiction; Order XXXIX rule 5 CPC; effect of filing Notice of Appeal.
Judgment 6 September 2012
Reported
Advocates of Zanzibar lack automatic mainland audience rights; arbitrator’s jurisdiction depends on contract, arbitration law, and waiver.
* Civil procedure – Right of audience – Advocates of High Court of Zanzibar do not automatically have audience rights before the Court of Appeal on mainland; must be on mainland Roll or have special licence. * Arbitration – Jurisdiction – Arbitrator's jurisdiction founded on parties' Agreement to Refer (Clause 67) and Arbitration Ordinance; section 67 THA Act inapplicable. * Arbitration – Waiver/estoppel – Participation without timely protest may waive jurisdictional objections; timely objections preclude jurisdiction over later claims. * Remedies – Claims added later (e.g., devaluation compensation) falling outside procedural preconditions are non-justiciable by arbitrator. * Procedure – Notice of Affirmation citing wrong rule is incompetent.
Judgment 18 August 2005
Court may grant interim injunctions before a main suit and against the government using inherent judicial powers.
Civil procedure – interim injunctions – jurisdiction to grant interlocutory injunctions before institution of main suit (Mareva-type orders) – inherent powers under s.2 Judicature Ordinance and s.95 CPC; Government proceedings – injunctions against the State/Attorney General – scope of proviso to Order XXXVII r.2 (GN. No. 376 of 1968) – government not immune where prima facie case and imminent injustice shown.
Judgment 2 September 2003

Prerequisites for stay of proceedings pending arbitration under the repealed Arbitration Act

Judgment 30 September 2002
Reported

Irrevocability of the submission to arbitration clause (s. 4 of the repealed Arbitration Act). - The sanctity of the arbitration agreement. -  Duty of the court where there is an arbitration agreement.

Judgment 19 September 2002
Document 7 May 1992
Reported

Effect of arbitration clause on subsequent civil proceedings. - Steps to be taken to stay civil proceedings in court where there is an arbitration clause.

Judgment 1 January 1983